This tool is a 4point scale that contains 15 items. Smartphone addiction proneness to measure smartphone addiction proneness, saps developed by kim et al. This scale included 26 items that were originally categorized into four dimensions. The conceptual model on smart phone addiction among early.
The question remains as to how excessive patterns of smartphone use could. Estimating smartphone addiction proneness scale through the state of use of terminal and. This selfrating questionnaire contains 15 items across three subscales, namely. Since the 1990s, increasingly widespread usage of the internet and smartphones has led people to spend less time interacting with others in the nonvirtual world. Smartphone addiction scale short version sassv is adapted to spanish and french. Pdf development of korean smartphone addiction proneness. As a result, smart phone addiction and depression, anxiety, impulsiveness, and lack of control showed significant relationship. Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale sas. Objective this study was designed to investigate the revised and short version of the smartphone addiction scale and the proof of its validity in adolescents. Founded in current research on the adverse consequences of overusing technology, mobile phone overuse has been proposed as a subset of forms of digital addiction, or digital dependence, reflecting increasing trends of compulsive behavior amongst users of. Based on previously published internet addiction scales and celluar phone addiction scale, saps was developed.
To measure the prevalence of smartphone addiction in middle school students, we used a validated smartphone addiction proneness scale korean information society agency, 2011. Thus, this is the scale that we use in this paper to quantify the level of boredom proneness. The sams system consists of an android smartphone application and a web application server. Development of japanese version of smartphone dependence. The psychometric properties of the smartphone application. As it has been hypothesized that smartphone dependence has many aspects that are similar to those of internet addiction, we referred to the internet addiction criteria 6 when developing smartphone dependence scale. Risk factors for smartphone addiction in korean adolescents.
Pdf this study was designed to investigate the revised and short version of the smartphone addiction. The aim of this paper is to develop a shorter version of the estonian smartphone addiction proneness scale based on previous works e. Development and validation of a short version for adolescents article pdf available in plos one 812. The smartphone addiction proneness scale saps was applied to 342 younger adolescents. Smartphone addiction proneness scale saps the 15item scale from kim et al. A higher score indicates a higher degree of addiction. Smartphone addiction management system and verification. Development of japanese version of smartphone dependence scale. Another aim was to identify the most frequently used smartphone applications and their perceived importance by the participants. Both adaptations are characterized with very good reliability factor and construct validity. Other researchers have stated that terminology relating to behavioral addictions in regards to smartphone use can cause additional problems both in. Divya rani singh abstract mobile phone usage is so strongly integrated into young peoples behavior that symptoms of behavioral addiction, such as cell phone usage interrupting their day today activities.
This study developed a smartphone addiction proneness scale saps based on the existing internet and cellular phone addiction scales. We investigated the effects of ia and sa on depression and anxiety while adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for. Design, development and implementation of a smartphone. The scale consists of six subscales daily life disturbances, positive anticipation, withdrawal, cyberspace.
Indonesian version of addiction rating scale of smartphone. Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction in college students jungyeon mok,1 samwook choi,1,2 daijin kim,3 jungseok choi,4 jaewon lee,2 heejune ahn,5 eunjeung choi,6 wonyoung song7 1eulji addiction institute, eulji university, seoul, south korea. Materials and methods participants for the study participants, a total of 214 adults were. Impact of mobile phone addiction on adolescents life. Each item was measured on a fourpoint likert scale, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree.
Dec 31, 20 objective this study was designed to investigate the revised and short version of the smartphone addiction scale and the proof of its validity in adolescents. Lee said that the factor that affects smart phone addiction is habitual overuse due to smart phones convenience and playfulness, which leads to life problems 3. Thus, the scale may not accurately capture young childrens. Based on kscale and the smartphones characteristics, the first smartphone addiction scale sas was developed.
Background mobile phones are an important part of adolescents life. Problematic smartphone use is proposed by some researchers to be a form of psychological or behavioral dependence on cell phones, closely related to other forms of digital media overuse such as social media addiction or internet addiction disorder. In this study, the relationships among smartphone addiction, age, gender, and chronotype of german adolescents were examined. The saps consisted of 15 items scored with a fourpoint likert scale 1. This study collected data through the structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the number and hours of smartphone usage, and the smartphone addiction proneness scale saps from 110 chinese international students in korea. Smartphone addiction proneness in relation to sleep and. Researchers also differ in the extent to which mobile phone addiction is actually problematic. Frontiers psychometric properties and factor structures of. The aim of this study was to develop a shorter version of the estonian smartphone addiction proneness scale esaps18 based on the smartphone addiction scale by kwon, lee, et al. Moreover, the psychometric properties of some of the scales administered in the study are problematic. The increase of smartphone user among indonesian junior high school students, particularly for teenagers, indicates the addiction factor of the smartphone. In addition, it suggested cutting off the values by gender in order to determine smartphone addiction and elaborate the characteristics of smartphone usage in adolescents. Prevalence was assessed using 24 different questionnaires, with the most common being the smartphone addiction scale, short version sassv. If the score were 44 points or more, the participant was placed in the highrisk user group.
Coping strategies in individuals at risk and not at risk. Smartphone addiction risk and daytime sleepiness in korean. The participants were classified into ia, sa, and normal use nu groups. Materials and methods two studies focused on two different measures of smartphone addiction. In this study, 4854 participants completed a crosssectional webbased survey including sociodemographic items, the korean scale for internet addiction, the smartphone addiction proneness scale, and the subscales of the symptom checklist 90 itemsrevised. In order to evaluate the internal consistency and reliability, concurrent and construct validity, and dimensionality of the esaps18, both experts opinions. The project development of a korean smartphone addiction. Then, after revising the scale via factor analysis, the final sas was completed.
Correlates of boredom proneness and its relevance for technological research and filled out the boredom proneness has been linked to a myriad of adverse behaviors including pathological gambling 11, drug 12. Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction. Influence of smartphone addiction proneness of young children. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for youth. Smartphone use and smartphone addiction in middle school. Smartphone addiction proneness scale saps was added to verify the concurrent validity of sassv. Crosscultural validation of the social media disorder scale. The relationship between smartphone addiction predisposition. Developing a shorter version of the estonian smartphone addiction. Development and validation of a short version for adolescents, plos one, 20, 12, doi. Ijerph free fulltext effects of internet and smartphone. According to the smartphone addiction proneness scale scores, 563 30.
The present research was aimed to develop a comprehensive selfreport scale that accounts for the cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts of smartphones in everyday lifethe smartphone impact scale sis. This research is designed to adapt the smartphone addiction scaleshort version sasssv to indonesian version based on cultural adaptation of the rating scale. As mentioned, to identify the average differences between groups regarding the smartphone addiction proneness of young children, we used independent variables according to the statistic traits of the parents and the childrens smartphone usage. Jul 18, 2017 the goal of the study was to validate the english version of the smartphone applicationbased addiction scale sabas.
The associations of internet addiction ia and smartphone addiction sa with mental health problems have been widely studied. Short version of the smartphone addiction scale adapted to. Nsights from ong erm elemetric ehavioral easures exploring. In this study, 4854 participants completed a crosssectional webbased survey including sociodemographic items, the korean scale for internet addiction. Estimating smartphone addiction proneness scale through the. The effect of gender and use patterns article pdf available in plos one 145. The pediatric daytime sleepiness scale was used to assess daytime sleepiness, and the korean smartphone addiction proneness scale index was used to evaluate the degree of risk for smartphone addiction.
Prevalence and predictors of smartphone addiction proneness. Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale. Frontiers psychometric properties and factor structures. Sap was assessed with the smartphone addiction proneness scale saps, and impulsivity was assessed with dickmans impulsivity inventory dii. Coping strategies in individuals at risk and not at risk of mobile phone addiction. To cope with these limitations, a comprehensive ict information and communications technology system called sams smartphone addiction management system is developed for objective assessment and intervention. The scale was translated by independent researchers using the parallel translation method and one oftheauthorswasusedasadjunctor,thepersonwhodecides.
Korean smartphone addiction proneness scale to measure the severity of participants smartphone addiction, we performed the korean smartphone addiction proneness scale and clinical interviews performed facetoface by a welltrained psychiatrist 11. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale. This study aimed to examine smartphone use patterns, smartphone addiction characteristics, and the predictive factors of the smartphone addiction in middle school students in south korea. Smartphone overdependence management system for the selfcontrol of smart devices.
First, the scale used to assess smartphone addiction proneness in preschoolers was originally developed as a diagnostic scale to screen adolescents aged 1017 and adults for risk of smartphone addiction shin et al. Influence of smartphone addiction proneness of young. Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated. Developing a shorter version of the estonian smartphone. Dec 31, 20 smartphone addiction proneness scale saps was added to verify the concurrent validity of sassv. Development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for youth development of korean smartphone addiction proneness scale for youth. Proneness scale carried out by national information society. Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical. The goal of the study was to validate the english version of the smartphone applicationbased addiction scale sabas. It is also known as smartphone overuse, smartphone addiction, mobile phone overuse, or cell phone dependency. Latent class analysis on internet and smartphone addiction in.
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