Grows to 2 ft high 75cm thin, lacy, fernlike leaves, white flowers, sometimes pink, purple or red, in flat clusters that stagger do not radiate from same point on stem roots crawl. Achillea millefolium ubiquitous strongscented matforming eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small. The investigation of traditionally used medicinal plants is valuable both as a source of potential chemotherapeutic drugs and as a measure of safety for the continued use of these medicinal plants. There are both native and introduced phases of common yarrow in north america.
Achillea millefolium planting time and spaces has not been reported up to. Achillea millefolium is native to europe but has now also been naturalized in north america. Common yarrow from europe and asia was originally introduced to america in colonial times, and has since naturalized throughout the u. The key to understanding achillea is that it is a variabletemperature herb with a very wide range of potential actions and uses. Both flowers and foliage are attractive and longlasting, making white yarrow a wonderful garden plant. It is used in the treatment of a very wide range of disorders but is particularly valuable for treating wounds, stopping the. Specifically, mildly disturbed soil of grasslands and open forest make up the ideal habitat of the yarrow plant. Amended safety assessment of achillea millefoliumderived. Invasiveness and potential for escape into natural areas. The word achillea refers to the greek hero achilles, who is believed to have carried the plant to treat the wounds of the soldiers, while the word millefolium meaning thousandleaf, refers to the multipinnate leave. Yarrow achillea millefolium is regarded as an environmental weed in victoria, the act, and the southern parts of new south wales.
Known by the common name yarrow, achillea millefolium is a member of the aster family, a title it shares with daisies, marigold, echinacea and dandelion. There are many common names for achillea millefolium including bad mans plaything, bloodwort, carpenters grass, carpenters weed, devils nettle, devils plaything, dog daisy, fernweed, field hoop, herbe militaris, knights milfoil, little feather, milfoil, nosebleed. Both flowers and foliage are attractive and longlasting, making white yarrow a. In terms of chinese medicine, achillea millefolium, as. Hurteau, formerly usda nrcs national plant data center, co, environmental horticulture department, university of california, davis, california species coordinator. The scientific name of common yarrow is achillea millefolium l. Pharmaceutical quality of commercial samples article pdf available in pharmazie 631. To prepare a cup of achillea millefolium tea, add one teabag to a cup of boiled water.
Introduction yarrow is a venerable plant of ancient medicinal repute hatfield, 1971. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Common yarrow from europe and asia was originally introduced to the u. Achillea millefolium an overview sciencedirect topics. In fact, achillea millefolium has the ability to displace desirable vegetation through its rapidly spreading roots and seeds.
The central stem is pale green and more or less covered with white cobwebby hairs. The new compound and borneol known main component were also subjected to antimicrobial, antiinflammatory. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. A million tiny flowers make up the unique clusters atop sturdy stems that are indicative of lovely white yarrow. The alternate leaves are up to 6 long and 1 across, becoming slightly smaller. Achillea millefolium, commonly called common yarrow, is a rhizomatous, spreading, upright to matforming perennial that is considered by many to be an aggressive weed. Appendix ii name of the herb other names habitat morphology principal constituents achillea millefolium e yarrow, milfoil s gandana h biranjasipha t achchilliya it is found in the himalayas at an altitude of 1,000 3,600 m from kashmir to kumaun kokkalou et al. Inserting yarrow achillea millefolium leaf into the nostril helps in curbing nose bleed. This sunflower family relative occurs naturally in sunny meadow type habitats, in open woods and in disturbed sites. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. A new compound, dihydroacyclogeranyl hexanoate, along with 24 known were isolated from the essential oils a. He learned the use of yarrow for healing wounds from the centaur khiron chiron before the siege of troy, and he taught this science to his friend patroclus. Determine the best density and appropriate planting time of.
This is where one will find yarrow in great abundance. Jade shutes this article originally appeared in the international journal of professional holistic aromatherapy. Known by the common name yarrow, achillea millefolium is a member of the aster family, a title it shares with daisies, marigold, echinacea and dandelion, merely to name a few. While achillea millefolium may be the most widely available species in its genus, there are several other droughttolerant yarrows that are also commercially available and worth considering for a dry garden. The two are almost identical and some references state that a. Determine the best density and appropriate planting time. Other common names for this species include gordaldo, nosebleed plant, old mans pepper, devils nettle, sanguinary, milfoil, soldiers woundwort, thousandleaf, and thousandseal. Achillea millefolium is the plant of asteraceae and its active substances are appetizing and make food digestion. Extended use of this plant, either medicinally or in the diet, can cause allergic skin rashes or lead to photosensitivity in some people. Yarrow has a high reputation and is widely employed in herbal medicine, administered both internally and externally. In terms of chinese medicine, achillea millefolium, as used in the west, can be said to be a warmcool, acrid, and bitter herb that has its main effects on lung, spleen, heart, and uterus.
Achillea millefolium article about achillea millefolium. The word achillea refers to achilles, an ancient hero. Hybrids and cultivars have been developed from various achillea species, including a. Achillea millefoliumwas characterized by means of gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance.
Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow, belongs to the family asteraceae. Common yarrow achillea millefolium is a perennial in the sunflower family. The paper concludes that due to the antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities of the essential oil, it could be used in many applications, including as a functional ingredient in health food or as a drug for treating inflammatory related diseases. Achillea millefolium white yarrow is a graceful perennial wildflower which produces an abundance of huge, flat clusters, 5 in. Native americans and early settlers used yarrow for its astringent qualities. It is unbranched, except near the apex, where the flowerheads occur. The essential oil is antibacterial and antiinflammatory benedek and kopp, 2007. Volatile oils trace thujone, and many others, lactones, bioflavonoids, bitters, alkaloids, tannins. Achillea millefolium or yarrow is a flowering plant in the family asteraceae, native to the northern hemisphere. Although achillea millefolium is native to eurasia, it has become widely naturalized in the united states of america and other surrounding countries. Plant information taken from the plants for a future. Achillea millefolium varieties compared dorset perennials. It is considerably different from western yarrow in that it has a much taller stature, aggressive vigor, and weedy characteristics. Achillea millefolium can also lessen the formation of blood clots, lowering the risk of heart disease and other dangerous conditions.
Seven years love, old mans mustard, military herb, old mans pepper. They are borne on tall stems atop a pleasantly aromatic, green, fernlike foliage that is disease resistant. Phytochemical investigations of achillea species have revealed that many components from this genus are highly bioactive. Leaves pinnately compound and divided multiple times forming delicate fernlike leaves. Kat anderson usda nrcs national plant data center, co plant. Common yarrow has origins in central asia, the european continent, and the islands of scandinavia. It is a rhizomatous, spreading, upright to matforming perennial that is considered by many to be an aggressive weed. It has been introduced as a feed for livestock in places like new zealand and australia, where it is a common herb of both wet and dry areas, such as roadsides. Achillea millefolium, or yarrow, originates from europe and has adapted to the regions of north america as well as other moderate regions. It is native to temperate regions of the northern hemisphere in asia, europe, and north america.
Field reslit 102 age of maturity and life span in herbaceous, polycarpic perennials 2000 m. Armitage 1992 report four to five species of achillea that are commonly produced in american and european nurseries to use as garden plants and as a cut flower. Lady bird johnson wildflower center the university of. Yarrow achillea millefolium seeds have also often been found to contaminate commercial seed in other countries. Dry entire plant used as tea for stomach problems, colds, flu, cramps, fevers, liver.
Whatever your preferences are, there is a yarrow out there for you. New compound from the aerial parts of achillea millefolium. Achillea ptarmica, a european native with bright white flowers, and a. Yarrow essential oil achillea millefolium new york. Field reslit 142 the response of achillea millefolium l. Achillea millefolium simple english wikipedia, the free. Though this species is naturalised in many parts of southern australia, it is. All interested persons are provided 60 days from the above date to comment on this tentative safety assessment and to. Achillea millefolium synonyms, achillea millefolium pronunciation, achillea millefolium translation, english dictionary definition of achillea millefolium. Their work also supports that there has been extensive ecological. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Achillea millefolium definition of achillea millefolium.
The record derives from tica which reports it as an accepted name record 40160fe153d54c159595f5b87a104673 with original publication details. Jul 03, 2019 the use of yarrow in food and medicine dates back at least to 1200 bc. Achillea millefolium article about achillea millefolium by. The latin name of the plant are achillea millefolium, and the word achillea, is derived from the legend of greek hero achilles who healed the wounds of his fellow soldiers with yarrow. It is the most widespread and one of the most widely used medicinal plants in the world. He said that he used yarrow for himself and for his soldiers. Yarrow achillea millefolium ahkeyleeuh milleefohleeum family. Achillea millefolium yarrow from new moon nurseries. The first antispasmodic flavonoids, cynaroside i and cosmosiin ii scheme 1 were isolated from a.
It often crosses with western yarrow achillea millefolium var. Yarrow seeds white yarrowthis easy growing perennial wildflower is a favorite, mid season bloomer with high heat and drought tolerance. Aug 09, 2016 the latin name of the plant are achillea millefolium, and the word achillea, is derived from the legend of greek hero achilles who healed the wounds of his fellow soldiers with yarrow. It forms large, dense clusters of yellowgold flowers. Achillea filipendulina, fernleaf yarrow, is native to central and southwest asia.
Preparing achillea millefolium tea is a simple process. Tozyo et al, novel antitumor sesquiterpenoids in achillea millefolium, int j clin pharmacol ther, vol 35, num 7, jul 1997, pp. Yarrow achillea millefolium aster family asteraceae description. Am is an ancient remedial herb native to europe that is used to treat wounds, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, inflammation, headaches, and pain. The name achillea refers to achilles using the species to treat the wounds of his fellow soldiers during the trojan war.
The different varieties of achillea we grow, all grouped on one page with descriptions and pictures to make comparison easy. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. According to legend, the greek hero achilles is said to have utilized yarrow to stop the bleeding styptic of. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Achillea millefolium white family asteraceae genus achillea can be matforming or upright perennials, mostly herbaceous, with sometimes aromatic, pinnately divided or simple and toothed leaves and flattened clusters of small, daisylike flowerheads. Flowers are composed of both ray and disc flowers, which are white varying occasionally to a light pink. As suppliers distributors of ingredients to the fragrance and flavour industries, our goal is to provide high quality materials at competitive prices with an exceptional level of service. The meadows, pastures and roadsides in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere are the common home of a flowering plant known by the botanical name achillea millefolium. Yarrow achillea millefolium is a flowering plant in the family asteraceae, it is called. Leaves are evenly distributed along the stem, with the leaves near the middle and bottom of the stem being the largest. As indicated on the distribution map below by the green shaded areas, yarrow inhabits all 50 states, as well as, all of canada. Its native to temperate regions of the northern hemisphere of asia and europe, but the plant was introduced to north america during the colonial times. For most, though, its simply common yarrow achillea millefolium, an herbaceous perennial that has a delicate beauty but can also be considered an aggressive weed.
He learned the use of yarrow for healing wounds from the centaur khiron chiron before the siege of troy, and he taught this science to. The record derives from tica data supplied on 20120211 which reports it as an accepted name record 40160fe153d54c159595f5b87a104673 with original publication details. Achillea millefolium is an erect, herbaceous, perennial plant that produces one to several stems 0. The word achillea refers to the greek hero achilles, who is believed to have carried the plant to treat the wounds of the soldiers, while the word millefolium meaning thousandleaf, refers to the multipinnate leaves.
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